Shih Tzu Health Problems
Shih Tzus are generally long-lived dogs, but their flat faces and protruding eyes create specific health vulnerabilities. Understanding these conditions helps you provide better care for your little lion dog.
Shih Tzu Lifespan: What to Expect
Shih Tzus typically live 10-16 years, often reaching the upper range. If your Shih Tzu lived into their mid-teens, that's a full life. Their longevity is one of the breed's strengths.
Average lifespan: 10-16 years
Genetic Factors
The flat face (brachycephalic) and prominent eyes are the source of most health issues. Their long backs can also cause problems. Responsible breeding can minimize but not eliminate these issues.
Common Health Issues in Shih Tzus
Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome
The flat face causes narrowed airways, making breathing difficult. Most Shih Tzus have some degree of this.
Symptoms to watch for:
- Noisy breathing
- Snoring
- Heat intolerance
- Exercise intolerance
- Gagging
Eye Problems
Prominent eyes are vulnerable to injury, ulcers, and other issues. Eye emergencies are common.
Prevalence: Very common due to eye structure
Symptoms to watch for:
- Excessive tearing
- Squinting
- Redness
- Cloudiness
- Eye popping out (proptosis)
Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)
Disc problems affecting the spine. Their relatively long backs make them susceptible.
Symptoms to watch for:
- Back pain
- Reluctance to jump
- Weakness in legs
- Paralysis in severe cases
Dental Disease
Crowded teeth in a small, flat mouth lead to severe dental problems.
Prevalence: Nearly universal without intervention
Symptoms to watch for:
- Bad breath
- Red gums
- Loose teeth
- Pain eating
Common Causes of Death
Understanding what Shih Tzus typically face helps you watch for warning signs and make informed decisions about their care.
- Age-related decline (35%): Many Shih Tzus live long lives and eventually decline from old age.
- Kidney disease (20%): Chronic kidney disease in senior dogs.
- Heart disease (15%): Valve disease becomes more common with age.
- Cancer (15%): Various cancers.
- Respiratory issues (10%): Complications from brachycephalic syndrome.
Warning Signs to Watch For
- Any eye injury or change - treat as emergency
- Increased breathing difficulty
- Back pain or reluctance to move
- Increased drinking or urination
- Changes in eating or dental pain
Preventive Care
- Keep them cool - they can't handle heat well
- Protect their eyes - they're vulnerable to injury
- Regular dental cleanings
- Maintain healthy weight for breathing and back health
- Use a harness, not a collar
- Daily face cleaning to prevent skin fold infections
Sources
This information is compiled from veterinary research and breed-specific health studies:
- https://www.americanshihtzuclub.org/health
- https://www.ufaw.org.uk/dogs/shih-tzu
- https://www.ofa.org/diseases/breed-statistics
Shih Tzu Health FAQs
- How do I know if my Shih Tzu is in pain?
- Shih Tzus often hide pain. Watch for: changes in appetite, reluctance to move, unusual posture, excessive licking of one area, withdrawal, aggression when touched, panting (in dogs), or changes in sleep patterns. Any significant behavior change warrants a vet visit.
- At what age is a Shih Tzu considered senior?
- With a typical lifespan of 10–16 years, Shih Tzus are generally considered senior in the last third of their expected life. Larger dogs age faster than smaller ones. Senior Shih Tzus benefit from more frequent vet visits and age-appropriate nutrition.
- How long do Shih Tzus live?
- Shih Tzus typically live 10-16 years. Shih Tzus typically live 10-16 years, often reaching the upper range. If your Shih Tzu lived into their mid-teens, that's a full life. Their longevity is one of the breed's strengths.
- What are common health issues in Shih Tzus?
- The most significant health concerns for Shih Tzus include Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome, Eye Problems, Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD). The flat face causes narrowed airways, making breathing difficult. Most Shih Tzus have some degree of this.
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